List of Medicinal Plants B, C
List of Medicinal Plants B, C
– Letter A
– Letter D, E, F, G and H
– Letter I, J, K, L, M, N and O
– Letter P, Q and R
– Letter S, T, U, V, W, X, Y and Z
Letter B, C –
Bacopa monnieri L. – Bacopa – plant, top, leaves and rhizome
Bactris gasipaes Kunth – Peach palm – fruits, marrow and buds
Balanites aegyptiaca (L.), Delile, 1812 – Egyptian Balsam – bark, leaves, fruits and seeds
Ballota nigra L., 1753 – Black horehound – plant, leaves and flowers
Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl – Common bamboo – germ, young stems and exuded
Bambuseae Kunth ex Dumort., 1829 – Bamboo – germ, young stems and exudates
Baptisia tinctoria (L.) R.Br. ex Ait.f. – Wild indigo – root
Barbarea verna (Mill.) Asch. – Land cress – leaves, oil and seeds
Barbarea vulgaris R. Br., 1812 – Bittercress – leaves, flowers and tender stems
Barosma betulina (P.J.Bergius) Bartl. & H.L.Wendl. – (Agathosma betulina (Berg.) Pillans) – Round leaf buchu – leaves
Barosma crenulata (L.) Hook. – (Agathosma crenulata (L.) Pillans) – Buchu – leaves
Barosma serratifolia (Curtis) Willd (Agathosma serratifolia (Curtis) Spreeth) – Longleaf Buchu – leaves
Bellis perennis L., 1753 – Common daisy – flower heads and leaves
Berberis aristata DC – Indian barberry – root bark
Berberis vulgaris L., 1753 – Common barberry – bark, roots, leaves and seeds
Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch – Heart-leaved bergenia – leaves
Bertholletia excelsa Humb. & Bonpl. – Brazil nut – seed and oil
Beta vulgaris L., 1753 – Beetroot – root, plant and leaves
Beta vulgaris L. Ssp vulgaris – Beetroot – roots and leaves
Betula lenta L. – Sweet birch – bark, leaves and oil
Betula pendula Roth, 1788 – White birch – bark, leaves, buds, resin, seeds, sap and flowers
Betula pubescens Ehrh., 1789 – Hairy birch – leaves, buds, flowers and sap
Bidens tripartita L., 1753 – Three-lobe beggartick – plant
Bignonia quinquefolia L. (Cybistax antisyphilitica (Mart.) Martius.) – Bignonia quinquefolia – leaves
Bixa orellana L. – Achiote – seeds
Boronia megastigma Bartl. – Brown boronia – plant
Borago officinalis L. – Borage – seeds and oil
Boswellia carterii Birdw. (Boswellia frereana Birdw.) – Maydi – resin, rubber
Boswellia serrata Triana and Planch. – Indian incense – resin and rubber
Bovista plumbea Pers., 1795 – Paltry puffball – sporophore
Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth – Alcornoque – bark
Brachycladus stuckerti Sp. herba, radix
Brassica juncea L. Czern. – Mustard Greens – seeds
Brassica napus L., 1753 – Rapeseed – seeds
Brassica napus L. var. Napobrassica (L.) Rchb. – Rutabaga – roots
Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch, 1833 – Black mustard – seeds
Brassica oleracea L. var. Acephala – Fodder cabbage – leaves
Brassica oleracea L. var. gongyloides – Kohlrabi – leaves
Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata – Cabbage – leaves
Brassica oleracea L. var. Botrytis – Cauliflower – leaves and inflorescence
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera – Brussels sprouts – leaves
Brassica oleracea var. italica – Broccoli – leaves and inflorescence
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt – Napa Cabbage – leaves
Brassica rapa L. – Turnip – root, leaves and latex
Brassica rapa L. var. Nipposinica – Japanese peppergrass – leaves and buds
Brucea ferruginea L’Hér. – Brucea – bark
Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. – Macassar kernels – fruits
Bupleurum rotundifolium L. – Bupleuro perfoliate – herb
Bursera gummifera Engl. – (Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg. 1890) – Gumbo-limbo – resin and wood
Bursera tomentosa (Jacq.) Triana & Planch. – Venezuelan balsam – resin and wood
Butomus umbellatus L., 1753 – Flowering rush – leaves and rhizome
Caesalpinia bonduc Roxb. – (Guilandina bonduc L.) – Grey nicker – leaves, roots and seeds
Caesalpinia brevifolia Baill. – Small carob – fruits
Caesalpinia echinata Lam., 1785 – Pernambuco – wood
Cakile maritima Scop., 1772 – European searocket – grass
Calamintha nepeta Savi Ssp. glandulosa Ball. (Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze subsp. Spruneri (Bioss.) Bartolucci & F. Conti) – Glandular pennyroyal – leaves and top
Calendula arvensis (Vaill.) L., 1763 – Field Marigold – flower heads
Calendula officinalis L. – Pot marigold – flower heads, ligules and grass
Calliandra houstoni Benth. (Calliandra houstoniana (Mill.) Standl.) – Angel hair – bark and roots
Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull, 1808 – Heather – flowers, grass, tops and young shoots
Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz – Gold-of-pleasure – seeds and oil
Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze – Tea – leaves
Camphorosma monspeliaca L. – Camphorosma monspeliaca – top
Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & T. Thomson – Ylang-ylang – flowers and essential oil
Canarium luzonicum (Blume) A. Gray – Elemi – resin and seeds
Canarium rostratum Zippel (Canarium acutifolium (DC.) Merr.) – Canarium acutifolium – resina
Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC. – Jack bean – fruits
Cannabis sativa L. 1753 – Cannabis – seeds and oil
Capparis spinosa L. 1753 – Caper – fruits and flowers
Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. 1792 – Shepherd’s purse – grass
Capsicum annuum var. grossum (L.) Sendtn. – Sweet pepper – oleoresin, fruits
Capsicum annuum var. longum (L.) Sendtn. – Chili pepper – oleoresin, fruits
Capsicum frutescens L. – Cayenne pepper – oleoresin, fruits
Carbo vegetabilis ex Ligno pulvis
Carex arenaria L. (Carex repens Bellardi) – Crawling sedge – rhizome
Carica papaya L. – Papaya – fruits, seeds and leaves
Carissa carandas L. – Bengal currant – bark, wood and roots
Carlina acaulis L. – Stemless carline thistle – roots
Carlina acaulis L. subsp. Simplex (Waldst. & Kit.) Nyman – Carlina acaule – roots
Carpinus betulus L. – Common hornbeam – leaves and buds
Carthamus lanatus L. – Downy Safflower – flowers and seeds
Carthamus tinctorius L. – Safflower – flowers, seeds and oil
Carum carvi L. – Caraway – fructus fruits, essential oil
Carya alba Nutt. (Carya tomentosa Sarg.) – Mockernut hickory – fruits and wood
Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch) – Pecan – fruits
Caryophyllus aromaticus L. (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry) – Cloves – fruits, flowers, leaves and essential oil
Cascarilla macrocarpa Wedd. (Ladenbergia macrocarpa (Vahl) Klotzsch) – Ladenbergia – bark
Cascarilla magnifolia Wedd. (Ladenbergia oblongifolia (Humb. Ex Mutis) L. Andersson) – Ladenbergia oblongifolia – bark
Cassia acutifolia Del. (Cassia angustifolia Vahl) – Alexandrian senna – leaves and fruits
Cassia fistula L. – Golden shower – pulp and fruit
Cassia italica F.W. Andr. (Cassia obovata Collad. 1816) – Senna italica – leaves
Cassia mimosoides L. Var. Nomame Makino (Cassia aldabrensis Hemsl.) – Cassia sensible – leaves and fruits
Cassia occidentalis L. (Senna occidentalis L. Link, 1829) – Coffeeweed – leaves and roots
Cassia tora L. (Senna tora (L.) Roxb.) – Sickle Senna – leaves, seeds and shoots
Castanea sativa Mill., 1768 – Sweet chestnut – leaves, seeds and buds
Castilla elastica Cerv. – Panama rubber tree – rubber and resin
Catalpa bignonioides Walter – Southern catalpa – leaves
Ceanothus americanus L. – New Jersey tea – bark, roots and leaves
Cecropia peltata L. – Trumpet tree – leaves
Cedrus libani A. Rich. 1823 – Cedar of Lebanon – gems, essential oil, young shoots
Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn., 1791 – Kapok tree – seeds
Centaurea behen L. – Centaurea alata – roots
Centaurea calcitrapa L., 1753 – Red Star-thistle – flower heads, buds, flowers and roots
Centaurea cyanus L. – Cornflower – flowers
Centaurea jacea L. – Brown Knapweed – grass and flowers
Centaurea montana L. (Cyanus montanus (L.) Hill, 1768) – Mountain knapweed – flower heads
Centaurium erythraea Rafn., 1800 – Common centaury – summit
Centella asiatica L., 1879 – Gotu kola – plant and leaves
Centranthus ruber (L.) DC. – Red Valerian – roots
Ceratonia siliqua L. – Carob – fruits
Cercis siliquastrum, L. 1758 – Judas tree – buds and bark
Cereus grandiflorus Mill. (Selenicereus grandiflorus (L.) Britton & Rose, 1909) – Queen of the night – flowers
Ceterach officinarum DC (Asplenium ceterach L.) – Rustyback – leaves and rhizome
Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach. – Iceland moss – thallus
Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai – Flowering quince – fruits
Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All. (Anthemis nobilis L.) – Roman chamomile – plant and essential oil
Chelone glabra L. – White turtlehead – plant and flowers
Chenopodium botrys L. (Dysfania botrys (L) Mosyakin and Clemants) – Jerusalem oak goosefoot – plant and flowers
Chenopodium quinoa Willd., 1798 – Quinoa – fruits and seeds
Chenopodium vulvaria L. – Stinking goosefoot – plant and leaves
Chimaphila umbellata (L.) Barton – Pipsissewa – bark, plant, roots, leaves and top
Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc. – West Indian milkberry – roots
Chionanthus virginicus L. – White fringetree – bark and roots
Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick, 1903 – Chlorella pyrenoidosa – thallus
Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck 1890 – Chlorella vulgaris – thallus
Chlorostigma stuckertianum K. radix, folium
Chondrus crispus Stackhouse, 1797 – Irish moss – thallus
Chrysanthellum americanum (L.) Vatke, 1885 – Golden chrysanthemum – plant
Chrysanthemum balsamita Desf. (Tanacetum balsamita L.) – Costmary – flower heads, plant and leaves
Chrysophyllum cainito L., 1753 – Star apple – fruits
Cibotium barometz (L.) J.Sm. – Woolly fern – leaves
Cichorium endivia L. – Endive – leaves
Cichorium intybus L., 1753 – Common chicory – tops and roots
Cichorium intybus L. subsp. foliosum (Hegi.) Janch. (1959) – Leaf chicory – leaves
Black Cohosh (L.) Nutt. (Actaea racemosa L., 1753) – Black cohosh – rhizome
Cinchona calisaya Wedd – Cinchona – bark
Cinchona cordifolia Mut. (Cinchona pubescens Vahl, 1790) – Red cinchona – bark
Cinchona lancifolia Mutis – Cinchona lancifolia – bark
Cinchona ledgeriana Wedd. – Peruvian cinchona – bark
Cinchona micrantha – Ruiz & Pav. – Huannco – bark
Cinchona nitida Ruiz & Pav. – Cinchona nitida – bark
Cinchona officinalis L. – Lojabark – bark
Cinchona peruviana How. – see Cinchona officinalis
Cinchona pitayensis (Wedd.) Wedd. – Cinchona pitayensis – bark
Cinchona succirubra Pav. ex Klotzsch – see Cinchona pubescens
Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. Presl, 1825 – Camphor tree – bark, leaves, essential oils
Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume. (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl) – Cinnamon – essential oil, bark
Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. – Field thistle – leaves and roots
Cissus alata Jacq. – Grape ivy – plant and leaves
Cistanche salsa (C. A. Mey.) Beck – Cistanche salsa – caule
Cistus incanus L., 1753 – Red cistus – gum, roots, leaves
Cistus ladanifer L., 1753 – Labdanum – rubber
Cistus monspeliensis L., 1753 – Montpellier cistus – rubber
Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai, 1916 – Watermelon – fruits
Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle, 1913 – Key lime – fruits
Citrus × aurantium L. – Bitter orange – fruits, pericarp, essential oils, flowers
Citrus × bergamia, Risso & Poit. – Bergamot orange – juice
Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck – Lemon – pericarp, essential oil, bark, branch peel
Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. – Pomelo – pericarp, leaves, flowers, seeds
Citrus reticulata Blanco, 1837 – Mandarin – pericarp, essential oil
Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, 1765 – Orange – pericarp, essential oils, leaves, flowers
Citrus paradisi Macfad., 1830 – Grapefruit – pericarp, seeds
Cladonia pyxidata (L.) Hoffm. 1796 – Cladonia pyxidata – thallus
Cladonia rangiferina (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg. – Reindeer lichen – thallus
Clitoria ternatea L. – Clitoria ternatea – roots and seeds
Cnicus benedictus L. (Centaurea benedicta (L.) L., 1763) – St. Benedict’s thistle – leaves, fruits, grass, flowers and top
Cochlearia officinalis L. – Common scurvygrass – leaves, grass and flowers
Cocos nucifera L., 1753 – Coconut – oil and fruits
Codonopsis pilosula Franch. – Dang shen – flowers, grass and roots
Coffea arabica L., 1753 – Coffee plant – seeds
Coix lacryma-jobi L. – Job’s Tears – seeds
Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott & Endl. – Cola acuminata – seeds
Cola nitida Schott & Endl. – kola nut – seeds
Collinsonia canadensis L. – Stone root – root
Combretum micranthum G. Don – Kinkeliba – leaves
Combretum sundaicum Miquel – Combretum sundaicum – leaves and plant
Commelina tuberosa L. – Asian misery – foglie
Commiphora abyssinica Engl. (Commiphora habessinica (O.Berg) Engl.) – Yemen myrrh – resin and rubber
Commiphora africana (A.Rich.) Endl. – African myrrh – gum
Commiphora molmol Engl. (Commiphora myrrha Nees, 1883) – Myrrh – oleoresin – rubber
Commiphora mukul Hook (Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari) – Gum-gugul – oleoresin – rubber
Commiphora opobalsamum Engl. (Commiphora gileadensis (L.) C.Chr) – Arab balsam tree – oleoresin – gum wood and fruits
Commiphora schimperi (O.Bergman) Engl. – Glossy-leaved corkwood – oleoresin and rubber
Convolvulus arvensis Linnaeus, 1753 – Field Bindweed – plant and leaves
Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq., 1943 (Erigeron canadensis L. 1753) – Horseweed – plant and top
Copaifera guianensis Desf. – Copaiba – balm
Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. – Copaiba langsdorffii – balm
Coptis japonica (Thunb.) Makino – Japanese Coptid – roots
Coptis teeta Wallich – Yunnan goldthread – rhizome
Coptis trifolia Salisb. – Threeleaf goldthread – rhizome
Corallina officinalis Linnaeus, 1758 – Corallina alga – thallus
Cordia myxa L. – Lasura – fruits
Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc. 1878 – Mushroom caterpillar – sporophore and mycelium
Coriandrum sativum L. 1753 – Coriander – fruits
Cornus florida L. – Flowering dogwood – bark and roots
Cornus mas L., 1753 – Dogwood – fruits
Cornus sanguinea L., 1753 – Bloody dogwood – fruits and buds
Coronopus squamatus Aschers. (Lepidium coronopus (L.) Al-Shehbaz) – Lappolina gramignola – grass
Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourret – Strapwort – roots
Corylus avellana L., 1753 – Hazelnut – fruits and buds
Coscinium fenestratum (Goetgh.) Colebr – Yellow vine – rhizome
Costus speciosus Sm. (Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Konig) C. Specht) – Crêpe ginger
– roots
Cotinus coggygria Scop. – European smoketree – bark
Crambe maritima L. – Sea kale – leaves and fruits
Crataegus azarolus L. – Azerole – flowers and leaves
Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC. – Midland hawthorn – leaves and flowers
Crataegus monogyna Jacq., 1775 – Common Hawthorn – flowers, leaves and young shoots
Crataegus nigra Waldst. & Kit., 1802 – Hungarian Hawthorn – flowers, leaves and young shoots
Crataegus oxyacantha (L.) Jacq. (Crataegus monogyna Jacq., 1775) – Common Hawthorn – flowers, leaves and young shoots
Crataegus pentagyna Waldst. & Kit. Ex Willd. – Small-flowered black hawthorn – flowers, leaves and young shoots
Crescentia cujete L. 1753 – Calabash-tree – fruits
Crithmum maritimum L. – Sea fennel – herb
Crocus sativus L. – Saffron crocus – stigmas
Croton eluteria (L.) W. Wright – Cascarilla – bark
Cucumis melo L., 1753 – Muskmelon – fruits
Cucumis sativus L. – Cucumber – fruits
Cucurbita maxima Duchesne, 1786 – Pumpkin – fruits, seeds, flowers and oil
Cucurbita pepo L. – Courgette – fruits and flowers
Cucurbita melopepo L. – Field pumpkin – fruits and flowers
Cucurbita pepo L. var. oleifera Pietsch – Oil gourd – seeds
Cuminum cyminum L. – Cumin – seeds, essential oil
Cupressus sempervirens, L. – Mediterranean cypress – wood, leaves, galbuli, essential oil
Curcuma domestica Valeton (Curcuma Longa L., 1753) – Curcuma – rhizome
Turmeric xanthorrhiza Roxb. (Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb.) – Java ginger – rhizome
Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe, 1807 – Zedoary – rhizome
Cuscuta epithymum L. – Alfalfa dodder – plant
Cuscuta europaea L. – Greater dodder – plant
Cusparia officinalis Hanc. (Angostura trifoliata (Willd.) TSElias) – Angostura – bark
Cusparia trifoliata Eng. (Angostura trifoliata (Willd.) TSElias) – Angostura – bark
Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. – Guar – seeds
Cyclanthera pedata (L.) Schrad. – Caigua – fruits
Cydonia oblonga Mill., 1768 – Quince – fruits
Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, 1906 – West Indian lemon grass – herb, leaves, rhizome, top, oil
Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) W. Watson – East Indian lemongrass – grass and top
Cymbopogon martini (Roxb.) Wats. – Palmarosa – grass
Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle – Citronella grass – herb, essential oil, leaves and top
Cymbopogon schoenanthus Spreng. – Camel hay – grass
Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor – Java lemongrass – herb and essential oil
Cynara cardunculus L. – Thistle – flower heads, leaves
Cynara scolymus L. – Artichoke – flower heads, leaves
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., 1805 – Bermuda grass – rhizome
Cyperus longus L. – Galingale – roots
Cyperus rotundus L. – Coco-grass – roots
Cypripedium pubescens Willd. – Yellow lady’s slipper – rhizome, roots
Cytinus hypocistis (L.) L. – Common Hypocystus – grass