Pinaceae

Pinaceae

Pinaceae (Pinaceae Lindley 1836) are a family of trees of the order Pinales, which have in common the fact that the leaves are needle-like.
Pinaceae are conifers in arboreal or shrub form including many plants of commercial importance such as cedars, firs, larches, pines, etc.
The Pinaceae family is within the Pinales order, formerly known as Coniferales. Pinaceae are the largest conifer family in existence for the diversity of species, with 220 – 250 species (depending on the taxonomic opinion) divided into 11 genera.
Pinaceae are the second largest family (after Cupressaceae) in geographic distribution, found mostly in the Northern Hemisphere, with most species found in temperate climates, ranging from subarctic to tropical.
This family often forms the dominant component of boreal, coastal and montane forests.
The main centers of diversity of the Pinaceae are found in the mountains of southwestern China, Mexico, central Japan and California.
The following genera belong to the Pinaceae family:
– Abies;
– Cathaya;
– Cedrus;
– Keteleeria;
– Larix;
– Nothotsuga;
– Picea;
– Pinus;
– Pseudolarix;
– Pseudotsuga;
– Tsuga.
The family includes the following genera and species: scientific names and relative common names are shown below:
= Abies
– Abies alba Mill., 1759 – European silver fir
– Abies amabilis (Douglas ex Loudon) J. Forbes, 1839 – Pacific silver fir
– Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., 1768 – Balsam fir
– Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu, 1976 – Baishanzu fir
– Abies × borisii-regis Mattf., 1925 – King Boris Fir
– Abies bracteata (D.Don) Poit., 1845 – Santa Lucia fir
– Abies cephalonica Loudon, 1838 – Greek fir
– Abies chensiensis Tiegh. – Shensi fir
– Abies cilicica (Antoine & Kotschy) Carrière – Cilician fir
– Abies concolor (Gordon) Lindl. ex Hildebr. – White fir
– Abies delavayi Franch. – Delavay’s silver-fir
– Abies densa Griff. – Himalayan alpine fir
– Abies durangensis Martinez, 1942 – Durango fir
– Abies fabri (Mast.) Craib, 1920 – Faber’s fir
– Abies fanjingshanensis W.L.Huang, Y.L.Tu & S.Z.Fang, 1984 – Fanjingshan fir
– Abies fargesii Franch., 1899 – Farges fir
– Abies firma Siebold & Zucc., 1842 – Momi fir
– Abies forrestii Coltm.-Rog. – Forrest fir
– Abies fraseri (Pursh.) Poir., 1817 – Fraser fir
– Abies grandis (Douglas ex D. Don) Lindl. – Grand fir
– Abies guatemalensis Rehder, 1939 – Guatemalan fir
– Abies hickelii Flous & Gaussen, 1932 – Hickel’s fir
– Abies hidalgensis Debreczy, Rácz & Guízar, 1995 – Hidalgo fir
– Abies holophylla Maxsim., 1866 – Manchurian fir
– Abies homolepis Siebold & Zucc., 1842 – Nikko fir
– Abies kawakamii (Hayata) T. Ito – Taiwan fir
– Abies koreana E. H. Wilson – Korean fir
– Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt., 1849 – Subalpine fir
– Abies magnifica A. Murray bis – Red fir
– Abies mariesii Mast. – Maries’s fir
– Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei – Sicilian fir
– Abies nephrolepis (Trautv. Ex Maxim.) Maxim. – Khinghan fir
– Abies nordmanniana (Steven) Spach – Caucasian fir
– Abies numidica de Lannoy ex Carrière – Algerian fir
– Abies pindrow (Royle ex D. Don) Royle – Pindrow fir
– Abies pinsapo Boiss. – Spanish fir
– Abies procera Rehder, 1940 – Noble fir
– Abies recurvata Mast., 1906 – Min fir
– Abies religiosa (Kunth) Schltdl. & Cham. – Oyamel fir
– Abies sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Mast., 1879 – Sakhalin fir
– Abies sibirica Ledeb. – Siberian fir
– Abies spectabilis (D.Don) Mirb. – East Himalayan fir
– Abies squamata Mast., 1906 – Flaky fir
– Abies veitchii Lindl. – Veitch’s fir
– Abies vejarii Martínez – Vejar’s fir
– Abies yuanbaoshanensis Y.J.Lu & L.K.Fu, 1980 – Yuanbaoshan fir
– Abies ziyuanensis L.K.Fu & S.L.Mo, 1980 – Ziyuan fir
= Cathaya
– Cathaya argyrophylla Chun & Kuang – Cathay silver fir
= Cedrus
– Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex Carrière, 1855 – Atlas cedar
– Cedrus libani, A. Rich. 1823 – Cedar of Lebanon
– Cedrus deodara (Roxb. Ex (D.Don) G.Don, 1830 – Deodar cedar
= Keteleeria
– Keteleeria davidiana (Bertrand) Beissner – David’s Keteleeria
– Keteleeria evelyniana Mast. – Evelyn Keteleeria
– Keteleeria fortunei (A. Murray bis) Carrière – Fortune’s Keteleeria
= Larix
– Larix × czekanowskii Szafer – Czekanowski larch
– Larix decidua Mill., 1768 – Dahurian larch
– Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen. – Dauria larch
– Larix griffithii Hook.f. – Sikkim larch
– Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière – Japanese larch
– Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch – Tamarack
– Larix lyallii Parl. – Subalpine larch
– Larix mastersiana Rehder & E.H.Wilson – Masters Larch
– Larix occidentalis Nutt. – Western larch
– Larix potaninii Batalin – Chinese larch
– Larix sibirica Ledeb. – Siberian larch
= Nothotsuga
– Nothotsuga longibracteata (W.C. Cheng) Hu ex C.N. Page – Bristlecone hemlock
= Picea
– Picea abies (L.) H. Karst., 1881 – Norway spruce
– Picea alcoquiana (H.J. Veitch ex Lindl.) Carrière, 1867 – Alcock fir
– Picea asperata Mast., 1906 – Chinese fir
– Picea aurantiaca Mast., 1906 – Orange spruce
– Picea austropanlanica Silba, 1999 – Picea austropanlanica
– Picea brachytyla (Franch.) E. Pritz., 1900 – Sargent spruce
– Picea breweriana S.Watson, 1885 – Brewer spruce
– Picea chihuahuana Martínez – Chihuahua spruce
– Picea crassifolia Kom. – Qinghai spruce
– Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. – Engelmann spruce
– Picea farreri C.N.Page & Rushforth – Farrer’s spruce
– Picea glauca (Moench) Voss – White spruce
– Picea glehnii (F.Schmidt) Mast. – Glehn’s spruce
– Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière – Dark-bark spruce
– Picea koraiensis Nakai – Korean spruce
– Picea koyamae Shiras. – Koyama’s Spruce
– Picea likiangensis (Franch.) E. Pritz., 1900 – Lijiang yunshan spruce
– Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb., 1888 – Black spruce
– Picea maximowiczii Regel ex Mast. – Japanese brush spruce
– Picea meyeri Rehder & E.H.Wilson, 1914 – Meyer’s spruce
– Picea morrisonicola Hayata – Taiwan spruce
– Picea neoveitchii Mast. – Veitch spruce
– Picea obovata Ledeb., 1833 –  Siberian spruce
– Picea omorika (Pancic) Purk.
– Picea orientalis (L.) Peterm.
– Picea pungens Engelm.
– Picea purpurea Mast.
– Picea retroflexa Mast.
– Picea rubens Sarg.
– Picea schrenkiana Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
– Picea shennongjianensis Silba
– Picea shirasawae Hayashi
– Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carrière
– Picea smithiana (Wall.) Boiss.
– Picea spinulosa (Griff.) A.Henry
– Picea torano (Siebold ex K.Koch) Koehne
– Picea wilsonii Mast.

= Pinus
– Pinus albicaulis Engelm.
– Pinus amamiana Koidz. –
– Pinus aristata Engelm.
– Pinus arizonica Engelm.
– Pinus armandii Franch.
– Pinus attenuata Lemmon –
– Pinus ayacahuite Ehrenb. ex Schltdl.
– Pinus balfouriana Balf.
– Pinus banksiana Lamb. – pino di Banks
– Pinus bhutanica Grierson, D.G.Long & C.N.Page
– Pinus brutia Ten.
– Pinus bungeana Zucc. ex Endl.
– Pinus canariensis C.Sm.
– Pinus caribea Morelet
– Pinus cembra L.
– Pinus cembroides Zucc.
– Pinus clausa (Chapm. ex Engelm.) Vasey ex Sarg.
– Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon
– Pinus coulteri D.Don
– Pinus cubensis Griseb.
– Pinus culminicola Andresen & Beaman
– Pinus dahurica (Turcz.) Ledeb.
– Pinus dalatensis Ferré
– Pinus densata Mast.
– Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc.
– Pinus devoniana Lindl.
– Pinus douglasiana Martínez
– Pinus durangensis Martínez
– Pinus echinata Mill.
– Pinus edulis Engelm.
– Pinus elliottii Engelm.
– Pinus engelmannii Carrière
– Pinus eremitana Businský
– Pinus fenzeliana Hand.-Mazz.
– Pinus flexilis E.James
– Pinus fragilissima Businský
– Pinus gerardiana Wall. ex D.Don
– Pinus glabra Walter
– Pinus greggii Engelm. ex Parl.
– Pinus hakkodensis Makino
– Pinus halepensis Mill.
– Pinus hartwegii Lindl.
– Pinus heldreichii H.Christ
– Pinus henryi Mast.
– Pinus herrerae Martínez
– Pinus hwangshanensis W.Y.Hsia
– Pinus jaliscana Pérez de la Rosa
– Pinus jeffreyi A.Murray
– Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon
– Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc., 1842 – Korean Nut Pine
– Pinus krempfii Lecomte
– Pinus lambertiana Douglas
– Pinus latteri Mason
– Pinus lawsonii Roezl ex Gordon
– Pinus leiophylla Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham.
– Pinus longaeva D.K.Bailey
– Pinus luchuensis Mayr
– Pinus lumholtzii B.L.Rob. & Fernald
– Pinus luzmariae Pérez de la Rosa
– Pinus massoniana Lamb. – Chinese red pine
– Pinus maximartinezii Rzed.
– Pinus maximinoi H.E.Moore
– Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese
– Pinus monophylla Torr. & Frém.
– Pinus montezumae Lamb.
– Pinus monticola Douglas ex D.Don
– Pinus morrisonicola Hayata
– Pinus mugo Turra, 1764 – Bog pine
– Pinus muricata D.Don
– Pinus nelsonii Shaw
– Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold
– Pinus occidentalis Sw.
– Pinus oocarpa Schiede
– Pinus orthophylla Businský
– Pinus pallasiana D. Don
– Pinus palustris Mill.
– Pinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc.
– Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham.
– Pinus peuce Griseb.
– Pinus pinaster Aiton, 1789 – Maritime pine
– Pinus pinceana Gordon
– Pinus pinea L. – Stone pine
– Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C.Lawson
– Pinus praetermissa Styles & McVaugh
– Pinus pringlei Shaw
– Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl.
– Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel
– Pinus pungens Lamb.
– Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudw.
– Pinus radiata D.Don
– Pinus remota (Little) D.K.Bailey & Hawksw.
– Pinus resinosa Aiton
– Pinus rigida Mill.
– Pinus roxburghii Sarg.
– Pinus rzedowskii Madrigal & M.Caball.
– Pinus sabiniana Douglas
– Pinus serotina Michx.
– Pinus sibirica Du Tour
– Pinus squamata X.W.Li
– Pinus strobiformis Engelm.
– Pinus strobus L.
– Pinus stylesii Frankis ex Businský
– Pinus sylvestris L., 1753 – Scots pine
– Pinus tabuliformis Carrière
– Pinus taeda L.
– Pinus taiwanensis Hayata
– Pinus tecunumanii F.Schwerdtf. ex Eguiluz & J.P.Perry
– Pinus teocote Schied. ex Schltdl. & Cham.
– Pinus thunbergii Parl.
– Pinus torreyana Parry ex Carrière
– Pinus tropicalis Morelet
– Pinus virginiana Mill.
– Pinus wallichiana A.B.Jacks.
– Pinus wangii Hu & W.C.Cheng
– Pinus yunnanensis Franch.
= Pseudolarix
– Pseudolarix amabilis (J.Nelson) Rehder
= Pseudotsuga
– Pseudotsuga japonica (Shiras.) Beissn.
– Pseudotsuga macrocarpa (Vasey) Mayr
– Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco – Douglas fir
– Pseudotsuga sinensis Dode
= Tsuga
– Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière
– Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.
– Tsuga chinensis (Franch.) Pritz.
– Tsuga diversifolia (Maxim.) Mast.
– Tsuga dumosa (D.Don) Eichler
– Tsuga forrestii Downie
– Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.
– Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carrière
– Tsuga sieboldii Carrière